Background: The present pilot study evaluated the potential of newer renal biomarkers (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin [NGAL]. cystatin-C [Cys-c]. and kidney injury molecule-1 [KIM-1]) in estimating subclinical renal injury due to renal artery stenosis (RAS). Materials and Methods: A total of 13 patients of magnetic resonance angiography confirmed RAS and 14 normotensive he... https://thehookahlabes.shop/product-category/herbal-shisha/