FSW joints are promising because they have a minimal heat input in welding and can limit the amount of intermetallic compound formation in dissimilar metals. Solid-state welding processes. particularly friction stir welding (FSW). are preferred for welding aluminium alloys due to their low heat input and ability to minimize intermetallic compound formation. https://www.nacrack.com/top-save-Black-Icy-Flum-Pebble-X-limited-save/